Kaiser Family Foundation Archives - Heartland Health Research Institute

The Safety of Covid-19 Vaccines

Posted on: 03.16.21 By: David P. Lind

The U.S. public’s views and attitudes on the available Covid-19 vaccines can vary widely, which is a consistent finding from the Kaiser Family Foundation. The differences by age, ethnicity, politics and location can be very striking. Any hesitancy toward accepting the vaccine largely boils down to trusting that the vaccines are safe. But this rather tenuous faith in the available Covid-19 vaccines is no different than historical attitudes about vaccines from yesteryear.

With almost one-third of Americans having received at least the first Covid-19 vaccine dosage, what do we really know about the safety of the vaccines?

ANSWER: The preliminary findings appear to be very encouraging, even to those who may have personal doubts.

According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) on March 13, there have been 529,301 deaths from Covid-19 out of 29,113,651 total known cases. That is 1 death for every 55.0 cases.

Also reported on the CDC website (March 13), “Over 92 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines were administered in the United States from December 14, 2020, through March 8, 2021. During this time, the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) received 1,637 reports of death among people who received a COVID-19 vaccine.”

The number of vaccination deaths (1,637) – out of 92 million vaccinations given – results in 1 death for every 56,200 vaccinations.

Given this data, the risk of you dying from Covid-19 if you become infected is 1,022 times greater than the risk of you dying from being vaccinated.

Regarding Covid-19 risks versus vaccine risks, Dr. Robert E. Oshel, former Associate Director for Research and Disputes for the National Practitioner Data Bank, said it quite well:

Only if you are virtually certain that you could never be exposed to Covid-19 and become infected would it be safer not to be vaccinated. I don’t think that (this data) is particularly disturbing. In fact, that seems pretty safe to me in comparison to the risk from Covid-19. I’d rather take the vaccine risk instead of the risk of getting Covid-19 and its serious complications or death. I’d also prefer taking that small personal risk over the possibility of becoming infected and passing the virus on to others and potentially causing their deaths.

The effectiveness data for the Pfizer, Moderna, and Johnson & Johnson vaccines appear to clearly outweigh their risks. Of course, if you have certain medical risks, it is always advisable to consult with your physician about your particular medical situation.

Through March 12, the number of administered vaccines in the U.S. was 101,128,005 – which includes both first and second doses. Below is the breakdown by vaccine type:

Source: Centers for Disease Control – March 13, 2021

New data from the CDC suggests that Americans have been remarkably vigilant about getting their second Covid-19 shot.

Any hesitancy that I may have had about Covid-19 vaccines are now a thing of the past.

To stay abreast of healthcare-related issues, we invite you to subscribe to this blog.

Healthcare Waste – Time to Remove the Blindfold

Posted on: 10.29.19 By: David P. Lind

A recent blog published on my David P. Lind Benchmark website broached the major components of healthcare waste in the U.S. and how it is estimated to impact Iowa employer health insurance premiums that we all pay. A quick summary from that blog provided the following:

According to the 2019 Iowa Employer Benefits Study^©, annual premiums paid by Iowa employers and their employees in 2019 are $7,017 for single coverage and $19,335 for family coverage. Of this amount, an estimated 34 percent may be considered wasted, unnecessary money spent with little to no value. That means in 2019, Iowans are paying an estimated wasted amount of $2,400 for those with single coverage and $6,600 for family coverage – EACH YEAR!

Healthcare waste is endemic of the inefficiencies and the misguided incentives laden within our healthcare ‘system.’ Of course, the ‘waste’ that each of us pay is broadly known as ‘revenue’ and ‘income’ to others. It will be difficult for the healthcare infrastructure to change its way when there is about $1 trillion annually found at the feeding trough of entitlement.

After writing this particular blog, a new survey was released by Kaiser Family Foundation regarding the U.S. Public’s perspective on prescription drug costs. The infographic found within this study is of great interest to me, particularly as it relates to what the public sees as the top contributors to high healthcare costs. It is no surprise that drug companies are considered to be the largest reason why people’s healthcare costs have risen (78 percent), yet, fraud and waste is tied in second place (along with hospitals charging too much) at 71 percent – narrowly nudging out insurance companies profiteering (70 percent).

For our healthcare system to evolve into what the public hopes and demands, engaged discussion must ensue about the waste that is baked into our system. Without this discussion (and outrage), little will change. Removing the public blindfold to begin making these demands is imperative for change to occur.

I was very happy this recent study revealed that the public is now beginning to acknowledge the inherent problems of a poorly-managed healthcare infrastructure that requires a major reboot to keep costs more affordable and tied with better care outcomes.

Although difficult and problematic, reducing and eliminating healthcare waste is the low hanging fruit that we must immediately address.

To stay abreast of healthcare-related issues, we invite you to subscribe to this blog.

‘Surprise’ Medical Billing Must End NOW!

Posted on: 09.25.19 By: David P. Lind

‘Surprise’ Medical Billing Must End NOW!

A big topic in healthcare these days – beyond high costs and expanding insurance coverage through ‘Medicare for All’ – is patients unknowingly incurring ‘surprise’ medical bills at hospitals. This happens more frequently than we may typically believe. It happens anytime and everywhere.

Why does this matter? Because after receiving medical care by a supposedly-covered doctor or facility, we or a family member, may receive an unexpected and very expensive charge not covered by our insurance plan. The surprise comes when another non-network provider has contracted with your in-network provider to perform services on you, the patient. Unfortunately, your insurance plan does not accept this ‘third party’ as in-network, meaning that your liability for their services go beyond what your insurer accepts and pays.

One example of this is having an emergency appendectomy at your local hospital, which is listed as an in-network provider under your health insurance plan. Sometime after this event, you learn of the cost for this procedure, typically by receiving an explanation of benefits (EOB) from your insurer, and any invoice sent to you by the health provider showing your liability (e.g. deductible, coinsurance, non-covered charges, etc.).

However, there is a much larger invoice that sneaks through the mail, from an anesthesiologist, who is not employed by the hospital. The anesthesiologist is an ‘out-of-network’ provider with your insurance company, which means that your insurer will only pay up to the predetermined allowable amount, while the non-covered provider can balance bill you the remainder of their list price (full charges). In some cases, the difference in price can be grossly substantial. The point is, during your surgery, you (and any family member) had no input on which provider(s) would be included in your procedure.

Research by Stanford University discovered that 39 percent of 13.6 million trips to a hospital’s emergency department by privately-insured patients resulted in an out-of-network bill. In fact, during the period studied, from 2010 to 2016, the likelihood increased nationwide from about a third of ED visits in 2010 to about 43 percent in 2016. Additionally, for patients admitted to in-network hospitals, this same study found that 37 percent of 5.5 million admissions resulted in at least one out-of-network bill during this same time period.

A Kaiser Family Foundation Health Tracking Poll conducted in early September indicates that nearly eight in 10 Americans support legislation to protect people from surprise medical bills. In fact, BOTH Republicans and Democrats actually agree legislation should be passed to protect patients. But true to form, lobbyists are fighting this movement because they feel their livelihood is at stake. These detractors are not only medical professionals, but also private equity and venture capital firms that employ doctors and contract them out to healthcare facilities.

A true case in point is ambulance services. Studies suggest that between half and two-thirds of ambulance rides are out-of-network (see graphic by USC-Brookings Schaeffer Initiative for Health Policy).

Years ago, large hospitals owned helicopters that would be included in the hospital billing – and covered as ‘in-network’ by insurance companies. However, primarily due to high overhead costs, hospitals gradually sold their ambulance services to private companies. Air ambulance bills began to inflate substantially. For example, according to Dr. Marty Makary’s recently published book, “…between 2007 and 2016 alone, the average price of an air ambulance transport charged by one company went from $13,000 to $50,000.” The examples found in Makary’s book about the grotesque pricing is alarming. In Texas, one air ambulance company charged $43,514 to fly a patient to another hospital that was 50 miles away. The patient’s Blue Cross and Blue Shield plan paid $13,827 of this amount, but the patient was billed the balance of $29,687. This sounds like déjà vu all over again – as we learn what has been happening with prescription drug markups.

Air ambulance companies have increased by 1,000 percent from the 1980s to 2017. For-profit air ambulances aggressively seek to win referrals from EMTs, paramedics, first responders, nurses and emergency physicians, often providing financial incentives for such referrals through informal agreements. According to Makary, the kicker is this: “Eighty percent of the more than half a million air ambulance flights a year (1,300 per day) in the U.S. are NOT emergencies but are much more like routine transfers. In other words, most of the time, these helicopters are taking stabilized patients from one facility to another…” These trips could be performed at a much lower cost with a ground ambulance.

Government payers, such as Medicare and Medicaid, make up a large percentage of air ambulance flights. But by law, private air ambulance companies cannot bill Medicare or Medicaid patients for any amount above what the government pays. It is only the privately-insured patients who are affected by this predatory medical billing practice. This price-gouging is done to people when they are at their most vulnerable. Even if asked up front, most air ambulance services will not share their egregious price before hauling you off into the sky.

Restoring trust in healthcare begins with ending surprise medical billing. Billing practices must be honest, transparent and fair. Ending kickbacks and implementing patient protections is a good start for any provider or service to be allowed to assist patients and the public. State lawmakers can help protect consumers by requiring prices to be at least published – if not controlled. Laws should require air ambulances to inform patients and family members how much the flight is going to cost BEFORE being used. Finally, developing a database that identifies the person or organization who made the decision to summon the air ambulance company will expose hidden conflicts of interest.

Enough is enough with the various industry players hiding behind the cloak of secrecy demanding grossly unreasonable prices to vulnerable patients. This is one ‘entitlement’ program that must go away soon.

To stay abreast of healthcare-related issues, we invite you to subscribe to this blog.

Healthcare Waste – It’s About Priorities and Opportunity Cost

Posted on: 12.08.16 By: David P. Lind

We know that healthcare spending continues to grow at an unsustainable rate. Each election cycle, we expect policy makers to find meaningful ways to slow that growth and ultimately reduce spending – while maintaining quality and access.

As mentioned in our previous blog “Time to Move Upstream and ‘Invest’ in our Health” co-authored with Dr. Yogesh Shah, the prudent approach is to simultaneously move upstream and address the social determinants of health. This thinking might sound ‘pie in the sky’ to some, but controlling costs cannot happen without addressing the environment in which we live, learn, work and play.

In addition, there is another culprit that must be eliminated – healthcare waste. If we are successful in eliminating this waste, by most national estimates, we can reduce our costs by 18 – 40 percent. The midpoint of waste is about 30 percent of healthcare costs. Per the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, this waste comes in many different categories:

Failures in Care Delivery – poor execution or lack of widespread adoption of best practices, including effective preventive care practices or patient safety practices.
Failures of Care Coordination – Fragmented and disjointed care of patients when transitioning from one care setting to another.
Overtreatment – Care that ignores scientific findings, perhaps due to outmoded habits. Defensive medicine is an example, such as unnecessary tests or diagnostic procedures to guard against malpractice lawsuits. Here is just one example.
Administrative Complexity – Having multiple ‘administrators’ with divergent protocols and practices, such as the government, insurance companies or accreditation agencies who create inefficient and overly bureaucratic procedures.
Pricing Failures – This waste is baked in to our healthcare ‘system’ because the price of a service exceeds what would be found in a properly-functioning marketplace. In healthcare, we lack appropriate competition at the right levels and have little transparency on cost and outcomes.
Fraud and Abuse – This is the cost due to fake medical bills and scams, in addition to the cost of inspections and regulations to thwart any wrongdoing.

Iowa Healthcare Component Costs

Based on the population of 3.033 million Iowans in 2009, the cost per capita in Iowa for healthcare was $6,921, totaling almost $21 billion. The largest portion of this cost comes from hospital care, which consumes about 39 cents of every dollar spent on healthcare ($2,713 per capita). This amount includes the total net revenue (gross charges minus contractual adjustments, bad debts, and charity care). Assuming the midpoint waste average in Iowa is 30 percent, and we have little reason to believe it is measurably different from national norms, the total annual amount considered to be wasted on hospital care would be $814 per Iowan.

Using a similar waste factor of 30 percent for each of the nine health components, the total waste per capita would amount to $2,076 (see graph below). Because many of the components are interconnected with one another, it is extremely difficult to cull out the actual waste factor within each component. Some components may have much lower inherent waste, while others may not. Costs such as insurance program administration, research and construction expenses are not included.

The following graph provides the total healthcare costs (in $) for each of the nine components, in addition to the potential wasted spending. Again, using hospital care as an example, if 30 percent of waste was eliminated in Iowa hospitals, the price tag could have dropped from $8.2 billion to $5.7 billion – resulting in a $2.5 billion ‘savings’ – or unnecessary overpayment.

Healthcare Waste of $6.3 Billion

I share this information for a reason. Much like the individual choices made daily in our lives, there are opportunity costs for the choices we make, or fail to make. The notion of opportunity cost plays a crucial role in attempts to ensure that scarce resources are used efficiently. If the midpoint assumption of 30 percent waste occurs in healthcare delivered in Iowa, then overspending $6.3 billion annually (and growing due to increased costs) is a huge opportunity cost for Iowans. Think about it, what other ‘opportunities’ can we invest in and receive much better ‘returns?’

Most Americans detest waste – especially when it affects our pocketbooks and the potential impact it has on our health and well-being.

Waste is anything that doesn’t add value to the end product. In manufacturing, waste can be rooted out by using different proven programs, such as lean manufacturing. Doing so allows the manufacturer to build higher-quality products at a more competitive cost. The same process can be used in healthcare. Having the right kind of incentives to change the willpower and behavior of those providing (and paying) for this care, is crucial.

Community Needs in Iowa

In Iowa, communities have a myriad of health needs that go unmet, but most often have limited resources to address these problems. According to Mid-Iowa Health Foundation’s website, there are many community needs for our youth that require attention and affect the social determinants of our health and well-being:

20 percent of children in Iowa lack adequate food
Roughly 7,000 school age children in Iowa are homeless
Over one-third of Iowa fourth graders read at or above the proficient level
Over 13 percent of youth in Iowa are exposed to drug use in their home
Approximately 12,000 children are victims of abuse and neglect
About 10 percent of central Iowa children say they do not live in a happy home
Almost 13 percent of Iowa youth had serious thoughts about killing themselves in the last year
More than 20,000 children are living below the poverty level in Polk County
80 percent of Iowa children with mental health needs never receive treatment
Only 45 percent of youth in the Des Moines community are hopeful for the future

This list represents just a small sampling of social determinants that eventually affect the healthcare we pay. By smartly eliminating waste in our healthcare system, and thoughtfully re-directing the ‘savings’ in areas that matter most to our communities, we can further stem our healthcare-cost epidemic. Imagine the sizeable dent we make in our communities by culling out billions of dollars annually from the waste we pay. The discussion of displaced healthcare jobs and the potential ‘economic impact’ requires further exploration in a later post.

Following the election, we will continue to debate the fate of Obamacare – who will pay and how much – but this discussion is being made with greatly inflated dollars. We would be well-served to dedicate equal energy to squeeze the waste from healthcare and redirect resources to benefit our communities.

We know the waste is there. But what about our willingness to eliminate it?

To stay abreast of healthcare-related issues, we invite you to subscribe to this blog.

Healthcare Costs and Wages in Iowa
the Faceless and Nameless Among Us

Posted on: 07.12.16 By: David P. Lind

Whether it is a morning jog or perhaps a bike ride, I find great pleasure in determining the measureable progress I have made both in distance and time.

The same can be said about reviewing data from our past studies that cover a longer period of time. Doing so helps gauge a better understanding of trends occurring within benefits, specifically as it relates to health insurance components. As we are keenly aware, what we pay for our health insurance and the healthcare we receive continues to nip at take-home pay and the ability to afford other necessities, such as food, clothing, housing, etc.

A recent study commissioned by 25 local Iowa United Way associations indicated that for almost a third of Iowans (31 percent), the income they receive does not allow them to cover the basic costs of living. In fact, two parents working full-time in this state would need to collectively earn $23.34 per hour over a 40-hour week to cover basic household costs. With cities, counties and states debating what specific minimum wage amount should be acceptable (and affordable), this topic will not go away anytime soon.

Knowing that components of health insurance plans, such as premiums, deductibles and out-of-pocket maximums continue to push northward, this also impacts family budgets and whether they have adequate health coverage. By ‘adequate,’ I am referring to cost-sharing responsibilities that may overwhelm lower-earning Iowans. According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, Iowa happens to have a lower-than-average rate of uninsured (six percent). Nonetheless, even those who do have coverage continue to experience higher cost-sharing arrangements that may cause people to seek less care – which is a plausible reason we see moderation in the growth of health cost spending.

With this in mind, I want to take a quick look ‘back’ on trends for a few health insurance cost components confronted by Iowans with employer coverage. Covering a six-year period (2009 – 2015) from our annual ‘Iowa Employer Benefits Study^©,’ we learn that the average weekly wage from the Iowa Workforce Development (IWD) rose annually by 2.6 percent, while premiums increased during that same period by 9.2 percent prior to any plan designs changes made to lower the increase. Altering plan designs typically result in higher cost-sharing for employees, something that employers are reluctant to do. After alterations, the average annual premium increase was 5.5 percent, still over twice the weekly wage increase.

In addition to premium inflation, Iowan’s with employee-only coverage have experienced increasing deductibles by eight percent annually, from $1,061 to $1,662. The total cost-sharing exposure Iowan’s pay for medical costs (e.g. out-of-pocket maximums) increased by 6.1 percent annually from $2,210 to $3,151. Finally, employees with single coverage have contributed 6.2 percent more annually through payroll deduction for their cost of the employer-sponsored coverage.

Here is a summary of the six-year history.

As payment responsibility for medical costs continues to shift from employers to employees, a new dynamic of patients becoming the ‘new payer’ profoundly impacts the receivables for the provider community, specifically hospitals. Though not new information, this fact can and will change how financing options may evolve from providers to help patients navigate their financial obligations and ensure that patients are well educated about the cost of their care. Insurance companies, for their part, may also explore innovative financial solutions to help their insureds assume payment responsibilities – possibly a foray into a new market of opportunities.

Trends found in this six-year period will most likely continue well into the future, and the evolution of how we pay for our healthcare will require off-the-beaten-path solutions to establish new funding mechanisms for an increasing number of patients.

Over time, the compounding of these trends will affect more Iowans, revealing that many will no longer be faceless and nameless, rather, they may become us.

To stay abreast of healthcare-related issues, we invite you to subscribe to this blog.

The Lure of Opioids

Posted on: 06.21.16 By: David P. Lind

One medical topic clearly on today’s radar is the use (and abuse) of opioids – medications that are often used to relieve pain, such as: hydrocodone (e.g. Vicodin), oxycodone, morphine, codeine and other related prescription drugs.

It is relatively easy to become addicted to opioids. Like many others, I have been prescribed various opioids (typically Vicodin) in the past when having lower back pain or a dental procedure that required pain management. Thankfully, I used only a very small portion of the prescribed pills during each incident, which resulted in the accumulation of many ignored (and expired) bottles in our medicine cabinet.

For many, the continued use of opioids to control pain may quickly evolve into a habit, and eventually, addiction. Without seeking and receiving appropriate rehabilitation for opioid addiction, accidental deaths happen far too often. In 2014 alone, the number of opioid deaths due to overdose in the United States was 28,647, a number that exceeds the size of Marshalltown, Iowa’s 16th most populated city. A 14 percent increase from 2013, this number represents an age-adjusted rate of 9.0 Americans per 100,000.

Iowa Opioid Fatalities

The Kaiser Family Foundation analysis shows that 158 opioid fatalities occurred in Iowa during 2014. With an adjusted death rate of 5.3 Iowans per 100,000, Iowa ranks considerably below the U.S. average. The adjusted rates of fatalities per 100,000 for each of Iowa’s six neighboring states are listed below:

Nebraska – 3.2 (56 fatalities in 2014)
South Dakota – 4.1 (33)
Minnesota – 6.0 (318)
Illinois – 9.4 (1,205)
Wisconsin – 11.1 (627)
Missouri – 12.0 (696)

The below-average rates for Iowa, Nebraska, South Dakota and Minnesota leads one to ask, “What are these states doing differently?” Have these states implemented actions preventing individuals from becoming addicted and treating those who are addicted? Do they have narcotics detectives and emergency medical technicians who help guide individuals to treatment rather than arrest them? Some states have indeed implemented programs to address this emerging topic of national concern.

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently released guidelines to help physicians prescribe opioids appropriately and responsibly. The opioid crisis should not just be the concern for providers who prescribe opioid medication. In fact, everyone has a role to play mitigating this epidemic, including those addicted and their family members, those who treat the addicted, educators, law enforcement agencies, and the efforts of a well-coordinated community. As two authors commented in a recent Health Affairs publication, the opioid crisis is “a multi-faceted problem [that] requires a multi-faceted solution.”

For each of us, a frequent reconnaissance of our medicine cabinets to ‘search and safely dispose’ is a good first step to eradicating opioid misuse and abuse.

To stay abreast of healthcare-related issues, we invite you to subscribe to this blog.

Medical-Error Fatalities in Iowa? Here’s a Calculated Guess – Up to 4,300 Iowans Annually

Posted on: 04.15.15 By: David P. Lind

…Yes, an’ how many deaths will it take until he knows
That too many people have died?
The answer, my friend, is blowin’ in the wind
The answer is blowin’ in the wind.
Bob Dylan, Blowin’ in the Wind

In healthcare, we have oceans of data but only puddles of useful information. The data comes in various forms, typically from healthcare providers who care for us and from the insurance vendors who enroll and cover us. Without question, the data generated within our healthcare system is abundantly voluminous.

During the last year, I have spent time writing and presenting about preventable medical errors. I recently was asked by two individuals (one representing the insurance industry and the other employed within the healthcare provider community) to render a guess about specific medical error data within Iowa borders – relating to the number of patients who were lethally harmed. I assured them that I could not find anything local – only national estimates were available. With this said, national patient safety experts, such as Dr. Ashish K. Jha, Dr. Peter Pronovost, Dr. Don Berwick and Rosemary Gibson, among many others, confirm that patients harmed in our country is nothing short of a national epidemic.

In a strange way, this request was similar to the Wizard of Oz being asked to provide a heart, brain and invoke courage. But in this particular case, I was asked to unearth local data about the medical errors found in Iowa. I suspect not even the Wizard could provide this treasure trove of critical public information!

But, out of curiosity, what IF we backed into these numbers using national estimates? After all, national data on medical errors are estimations that emanate from available (but imperfect) empirical knowledge.

Yes, many types of national and local organizations are working diligently to make our healthcare delivery system safer. But until we have a true measurement on the actual prevalence of medical errors to serve as a starting point on a local and national basis, how can we possibly improve or assume progress is being made? For example, are we measuring ‘process’ rather than ‘outcomes’? Are study methods rigorously evaluating improved care in a transparent way? To legitimately improve quality outcomes, we must measure what matters most, not just what is most convenient. Easier said than done, but many times we confuse activity with progress, which only prolongs egregious results.

From information found in past studies, reports and evidence, we do know that about 25 percent of all patients are harmed in our country by medical mistakes. The Institute For Healthcare Improvement estimated 15 million medical mistakes occur in our hospitals each year. In 1999, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) released ‘To Err is Human,’ suggesting that perhaps as many as 98,000 Americans die in our hospitals each year as a result of preventable medical errors. In 2013, another report was published in the Journal of Patient Safety conveying that up to 440,000 Americans die in our hospitals due to these mistakes.

So which number is most accurate – 98,000 or 440,000? We simply don’t know. Dr. Lucian Leape, a physician and professor at Harvard School of Public Health and a pioneer on patient safety, was a key contributor to the IOM estimates. Dr. Leape has since acknowledged the 440,000 estimate is more likely to be accurate.

Using federal and state data from the Kaiser Family Foundation website, total hospital admissions in the U.S. during 2012 was 34.8 million. Of this, Iowa had about 340,000 total facility admissions, a number substantiated by Iowa Hospital Facts.

By calculating the death per admissions nationally, using 98,000, 440,000 and an arbitrarily-selected mid-point of 250,000 lives, we can then use each ‘conversion’ factor to determine what the estimated fatalities are for individual states based on each national estimate.*

The slide below illustrates the estimated number of medical error fatalities for Iowa and five neighboring states, using the three national estimates. When factoring the 98,000 fatalities as reported by the IOM, Iowa would have an estimated 959 lives lost annually within our hospitals due to preventable medical errors. This number is similar to the population of the city of Lansing, Iowa. If national fatalities are about 250,000 lives annually, a calculation of 2,444 patients die annually within Iowa, or about the size of the city of Kalona. Finally, the 440,000 estimate equates to about 4,300 Iowans dying annually due to hospital medical errors – roughly the size of the city of Jefferson.

Within the slide, due to the larger populations of Minnesota, Missouri and Illinois, Iowa compares favorably with lower-estimated fatalities. However, the estimated fatality numbers found in Iowa are greater than those found in the less-populated states of Nebraska and South Dakota.

If any of the guesstimates are correct in the next 10 years, Lansing becomes the size of Norwalk, Kalona the size of Marshalltown and Jefferson the size of Ankeny. Isn’t it time to start reporting, measuring and documenting ‘actual’ data and stop guessing and theorizing? Unfortunately, we live with faceless statistics when it comes to medical errors.

Bob Dylan had it right. How many more lives have to be lost before we do the right thing?

To stay abreast of employee benefits and healthcare issues, we invite you to subscribe to our blog.

*CAUTIONARY NOTE: Using the same national factor for every state assumes that outcomes from each state are equal to one another, which is a BIG assumption. Thanks largely to the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care, we do know that care-quality varies wildly in different parts of our country, state and even across town. Healthcare, like politics, is all local, but we don’t know whether using a national norm is better or worse than the Iowa ‘norm’ because fatality metrics due to medical errors within each state are elusive. Therefore, quality-adjusted care was not baked into these estimates.

Healthcare Patients Want ‘Good Value’ for the Money

Posted on: 04.08.15 By: David P. Lind

…we are now entering into a new era in healthcare that appears to alter our behaviors toward the care we are receiving…

Similar to national data, Iowa spending on healthcare and insurance premiums has risen at historically lower rates in the last three years. However, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation, only three percent of Americans said health costs are “going up slower than usual,” and 52 percent said costs are “growing faster than usual.” The other 35 percent say costs are about the same.

The amount that Iowans with employer-based health insurance pay for premiums has risen 167% in the last 14 years, while Iowa weekly wages have risen about 40%* and general inflation 43 percent. As we know, our incomes are suppressed by increasing health premiums, which certainly impact take-home pay and, ultimately, our capability of making consumption trade-offs for other priorities, such as food, shelter, education and retirement savings.

In addition to the premium cost, Americans are asked to pay increasingly more of the medical care they seek, through higher deductibles, copayments and out-of-pocket maximums. With lower-relative income, finding the financial resources to pay is problematic for many employees, causing them to put off receiving care or incur more medical debt.

In a recent Wall Street Journal article, Drew Altman, president and CEO of the Kaiser Family Foundation, wrote that Americans with health coverage care about:

Their premium costs, or the share of premiums they pay if they have employer coverage;
Their deductibles and other forms of cost-sharing, especially when deductibles have been rising steadily;
Their drug costs;
Whether they can go to the doctor or hospital they want without having to pay more;
The hassle and red tape in healthcare and health insurance. People care about getting information to be informed about their health and make smarter insurance and healthcare decisions;
Seniors care a lot about Medicare and sometimes vote on this issue.

Most people would agree to this list.

However, Mr. Altman then mentioned that “Americans don’t care as much as experts do about improving quality and eliminating unnecessary care. In general, people think that quality is good and they want more care not less.”

Perhaps this was true in the past, but we are now entering into a new era in healthcare that appears to alter our behaviors toward the care we are receiving. One prime example is a recent study that says cost is not the most important determinant of the care we seek – it is quality. From this report, when patients are provided hospital safety score grades and cost information together, they will choose safer hospitals 97 percent of the time, REGARDLESS OF COST.

Of course, this may also depend on WHO pays…the patient or a third party.

Making sure that such report cards reflect the most relevant performance measurements will be extremely important – if not critical – to the patient. Unfortunately, we don’t have this luxury at the present time. A March article on the Johns Hopkins Medicine website reports that national rating systems on the quality and safety of hospitals are too confusing because each will stress different measures from each other – sometimes providing a wide variation of grades on the same hospital (study source: Health Affairs).

In my blog last August, I wrote that the Urology Department at Cleveland Clinic received a top score by the U.S. News & World Report, yet received the lowest possible score by Healthgrades for prostatectomy outcomes. This type of reporting will only serve to confuse the general public before seeking care.

As healthcare delivery and payment initiatives continue to morph, look for quality and safety measurements to emerge with the cost component. The convergence of reliable safety and quality information with ‘real-time’ cost information can eventually catapult the healthcare industry into the 21^st century.

Until then, many hurdles must be successfully cleared in order to achieve the desired value we all want.

To stay abreast of employee benefits and healthcare issues, we invite you to subscribe to our blog.

*2014 data from the Iowa Workforce Development is not yet available, and therefore, excluded.